01
Payments
Credit transfers shaped like ISO 20022, the standard banks already use. The
end-to-end reference and purpose code are first-class fields, not a memo — so a
payment arrives already matched to what it was for.
RefusesAn institution not approved by a national authority, or a customer that institution never registered.
02
Currencies
Fiat-referenced tokens with exactly one approved issuer each. Only that issuer
can mint or redeem, and the permission is a governance decision recorded on the
chain rather than a setting in a config file.
RefusesA second issuer for a currency that already has one.
03
Treasuries
Shared funds with roles, spending limits and time locks. Money committed to
somebody — a vesting grant, a scheduled disbursement — leaves the spendable
balance entirely and cannot be redirected by anyone.
RefusesSpending funds already committed to somebody — no administrator, no vote and no quorum of signers can reach them.
04
Trading
Liquidity pools anyone may open or add to, so a holder of one currency can move
into another without leaving the network. Prices come from the pool's own
reserves.
RefusesA swap that would round in the pool’s favour against the person making it.
05
Prices
Exchange rates agreed by the validators, weighted by stake, so moving one costs
as much as attacking the network. Real-world assets are valued instead by an
appointed independent party, and every figure stays attributed to whoever signed it.
RefusesA rate too old to trust. An expired price is not a price, and the transaction depending on it stops.
06
Recovery
A validator can freeze a stolen balance in the block they see it move — because a
theft takes minutes and a vote takes hours. Taking it needs two thirds of the
validator set, goes to one address set by governance, and leaves a public record
of who accused whom, on what evidence, and how every validator voted. Cases that
failed stay on that record too.
RefusesAny one person moving what was seized. Three of five custodians, and the destination is fixed in the constitution.
07
Governance
Who may validate, who may issue, who may route payments — every one of those is a
vote of everyone who has staked, with the decision and its reasoning kept on the
chain next to what it authorised.
RefusesA proposal that would edit one of the thirteen fixed rules, or admit a validator nobody voted for.